The irresistible rise of Islamic fundamentalism in the Muslim world

PART THREE: The irresistible rise of Islamic fundamentalism in the Muslim world

 
The rise to power by the economic crisis
 
 
The 1929 economic crisis brought Hitler to power. That of 2002-2003, combined with the U.S. attack on Iraq, will tear down the apparatus of state Arab-Muslims under the control of Islamic fundamentalists, by voting or revolution. Integration networks are ready.

 
The Scapegoat

 
The firing of the Arab-Muslim world is imminent. It will be triggered by the economic crisis and the U.S. attack on Iraq.Attack the supplications of the Arab and Muslim leaders' pro-Western "addressed to the White House will not be prevented.These leaders are rightly obsessed with the inevitable fallout of the conflict at home: namely the burning of the street. They feel a lot better than most Western observers, the increasing instability of the "psyche" of the Arab-Muslim masses. They know of an ejection seat. Without the economic crisis would be contained by hatred prosperity. But the economic crisis is there. The tourism sector in Egypt is sealed. It is threatened in Turkey, North Africa.Exports are suffering. The indebtedness of states is abysmal.The stock market crash will complete the Arab-Muslim economies, already fragile.
 
During the first Gulf War, Islamists were not unhappy to see undermined the Baathist regime of Saddam Hussein, a follower of secularism. Since Saddam Hussein did a 180 degree turn and approached the Islamists.
 
The current slump in the process of rapid aggravation, frustration and hopelessness installs: a heavy atmosphere of gases which are deployed collective passions. The feverish fantasies about "the Jewish-American conspiracy" to take possession of the Muslim imagination. They ascribe to America and Israel responsible for the failures and misfortunes of Islam. The West "Crusaders and Jews" are accused of wanting to harm the Muslims it is the scapegoat used by the totalitarian Islamist crowds to gather around the "jihad" holy war.
 
The crisis of 2002-2003 will be able to Islamic fundamentalist movements in the Muslim world. Despite the opposition: the secularist movements, the large fraction of women who aspire to emancipation, much of the middle class and the business community, the Islamic fundamentalists surf the tsunami tidal wave election, or there elections will be held. This will provide a brilliant political legitimacy.
 
Some of the governments in the election void, appearing as "tyrants," "enemies of the people." In the absence of consultations, the crowds will rise and take power by force under the direction of integrated networks. The Arab-Muslim world will see and a wave of revolutions that sweep from the Atlantic to Pacific. This will be the great wave of Islamism.

 
Iraq attacked: a boon for fundamentalists

 
The next attack on Iraq will accelerate progress towards the power of Islamic fundamentalism. The Americans will deliver hard street fighting. They will fight among the Iraqi civilians. The collateral damage will be considerable. Filmed documents are sure to circulate around the world, which will show Iraqi women and children torn apart by the firing of Western armies. These images will exacerbate anti-American hatred of the Muslim masses. Islamic fundamentalists will just have to pull the chestnuts out of fire.
 
So why do Americans insist they want to attack Iraq? Because it contains the second oil reserves in the world. The Americans want to seize it in order to reduce their dependence vis-à-vis the Saudi oil.

 
The Balkan Islam: a revolver pointed at Europe

 
America was struggling to drive a wedge (Islam Balkan) between Europe and Russia, to prevent political and economic rapprochement between the two neighbors. It is in this geopolitical Balkan wars were part of the 90s, that led to the establishment of the Islamic State of Bosnia and Herzegovina, relay Islamic fundamentalism in Europe, along with Albania , which is a fundamentalist home.
 
For proof, just look at the beliefs of Alija Ozetbegovic, "liberator" of Bosnia, holder of the Bosnian collective presidency from 1990 to October 2000, the date of his retirement from political life. This revered politician in the West, wrote, published and republished in 1990, an "Islamic Declaration" that he never renounced: "There is no peace or coexistence between the Islamic religion and social institutions not Islamic ... There is no principle of secular government and the state must be the expression and support of moral concepts of religion. The Islamic movement must and can take power as soon as it is very morally and numerically strong ....Under current conditions ... this trend involves the struggle for the great Islamic federation from Morocco to Indonesia and tropical Africa to Central Africa .... " Western aid to Izetbegovic was part of the constitution of a green belt (that is to say Islamic) around Russia. The strategy of pro-Islamist U.S. before September 11 is particularly applicable to another country, Afghanistan. He had to return to political stability that the American company Unocal and Saudi Delta Oil to install pipelines to carry oil from Turkmenistan to the south. The Americans were quick to recognize the Taliban when they took control of the Afghan capital September 26, 1996.
 
The U.S. and Saudi oil rub in all the boards that count in the management of the oil industry.
 
On 11 September, bin Laden ended the marriage of the oil America and Islam. The Islamic-American alliance was suddenly obsolete.
 
Now, for its oil supplies, America can not depend on the Islamic states of mind. American-Islamic co-management of oil has become impossible, the United States have no choice but to seize by force the wells of their former partner. They start with Saddam's Iraq. After that, plans are ready to take over eastern Saudi Arabia (which is now ex-ally) where most of the oil fields of this country. Then this could be rescued Kuwait in 1991 by the Western coalition, and who hastened to pay, immediately after, the Muslim Brotherhood in Europe and the United States and the Palestinian Hamas. Its momentum, Kuwait will participate in the creation in Lugano, the Nada Management Group, one of the holdings of al-Qaeda in Europe

Bifurcation unexpected

 
The economic crisis, anti-American hatred that catalyzes has grown since Sept. 11, in the Muslim world, the story will branch off in the opposite direction to that provided by U.S. strategists. This is not democracy but Islamic fundamentalism who wins the bet.
 
The fall of Saddam and his replacement by a democratic government of Iraq issue will lead to internal unrest. The Islamic fundamentalism multiply the actions of harassment against the "occupation forces", with the approval of part of the Iraqi population, embittered by more than a decade of blockade.

 
Birth of a Monster

 
Islamic fundamentalism patiently weaves his spider web for over thirty years. The first manifestation of the dramatic rise of fundamentalism was the 1979 Iranian revolution. The second was the assassination of President Anwar Sadat by Muslim Brotherhood opposed the Camp David Accords. The third was the seizure of power in Sudan by General Hassan Ahmaed al.Béchir. The fourth was the Afghan resistance to the Soviets in the 80s.
 
It is in the context of "the hand of God" that religion comes to life around the world since the early 70's. The companies had the need to restore a sacred foundation. This is where the Islamic revival has grown. A slogan is all the rage "Islam is the solution."The solution to everything: the quest for identity, strength and hope. This is to take on his own modernity brought by the West in science, technology, etc ... but to reject the Western culture by reviving Islam as a guide to life in the modern world. "This return compares to the Protestant Reformation," says Samuel P.Huntingdon: "Both are reactions to the stagnation and corruption of existing institutions, advocate a return to a more pure and more demanding of their religion, preaching work, order and discipline and are aimed at population dynamics ... We can draw a parallel between Calvin and the Ayatollah Khomeini .. "
 
 Fundamentalism has grown rampant in the urban development of recent decades. The new urban village traditions thousands of orphaned, abandoned to economic hardship and moral vacuum, supplied to Islamic fundamentalism its great masses of revolutionary maneuvers. He dedicated himself to meet their social needs, provide them with meaning and dignity, food, help the unemployed, to develop systems of support for the kindergarten and schools to the grave. It provides assistance in natural disasters. He multiplied the Islamic schools. It compensates for the shortcomings often abysmal and a civil society undermined by corruption.

 
Islamic revival at full gallop

 
The revival of Islam is an urban phenomenon. The masses of operation of Islamic fundamentalism are the poor in urban exodus. They are a gigantic force, but which remain disordered and latent if not structured by an elite. It consists of bright minds with a strong background studies and turned to modernity. The core of leadership is composed of students and intellectuals from the middle class and even upper middle class. Most are graduates of leading universities from all faculties.
 
During the 70s, in countries like Egypt, Pakistan, Afghanistan, the first phase began in the factory of the elite: the academic world.The Islamists took control to student unions. The Islamization focused university where are forged the tools of modernity and action: the science faculties, institutes of technology, engineering schools.
 
The annual growth rate of Muslim societies is almost everywhere greater than 2-3%. Young Muslims are religious when their parents are secular. They are influenced by the second generation "indigenization." One might think women refractory to Islamic revival. This is not the case. If some women turn back the revival of Islam, others, as evidenced by the veil, an increasing number are receptive. The most striking example is Turkey, which was in the last century the temple of secularism in the Muslim world, women of the older generation, secular, are widening the distance with their daughters and granddaughters, who return to Islam.
 
The re-Islamization gallops around the world: Iran with the revolution in 1979, the rise of Turkish Refah in 1980 Sadat in 1981, the Lebanese Hezbollah and deadly attacks against Americans and the French in 1984, the terrorist actions on theFrench territory in 1985 and Hamas in Palestine, which claimed to represent Islam and non-Arab nationalism, etc ...
 
Also, Islamic radicalism spread like wildfire: the Islamic Front of Hi (FIS) newborn domestic politics triumphed Algerian legislative elections of 1991. Terrified, the state canceled the elections. In Sudan, a military coup in 1989 imposed an Islamic regime in Afghanistan, the defeat of Soviet troops was the victory of Islamic fundamentalists. And Islamist attacks struck the West: the Twin Towers in 1993, France in 1995 against the U.S. embassies in Nairobi (Kenya) and Dar es Sallam (Tanzania) in 1998 on the USS Coole in Aden in 2000 , and the Twin Towers and the Pentagon in 2001. Parallel development of the radical Islamist, was deployed in various countries a conservative Islam. It was manifested by the proliferation of mosques across the extension of the veil.

 
Central Asia: From Marx to Allah

 
THE fall of the USSR was the bed of a series of rebellions and irredentist Islamic Caucasus (Chechnya), Central Asia and the Balkans (wars in Bosnia and Kosovo). These insurgencies are supported financially and morally, for the most part by Saudi Arabia, Turkey and Pakistan. A war of civilization has thus established between the worlds Slav-Orthodox and Turkish Muslim.
 
The dynamism of the re-Islamization of Central Asia is primarily based on the demographics. Between 1970 and 1993: Kazakhstan (1.1%), Kyrgyzstan (1.9%), Tajikistan (2.9%), Uzbekistan (2.6%), Turkmenistan (2.5%). Kazakhstan is the lowest because half of its population is of Russian-Orthodox. The flood propelled Juvenile Islamic fundamentalism in Central Asia with the help provided by the unexpected fall of the Soviet Empire. Once freed from the yoke of communism, the people of Central Asia were connected spiritually and culturally to their Muslim past. New religious schools, new Islamic centers, many new imams, distribution of thousands of Quran, etc. ... all financed by Saudi Arabia, Turkey and Pakistan.
 
The Central Asian leaders came to power did not understand right away what was happening and left complete freedom of action to foreign preachers. When they became aware of the situation, it was too late. The basic ideas were widespread. The government then began to crack down harshly Islamic activism.The situation became more radical. Among other things, a bloody civil war in Tajikistan from 1992 to 1997 was over 50,000 dead.At the end of this conflict, was born a coalition government including the Islamic Renaissance Party, which is moderate.
 
The stability of Central Asia is doomed partly because of the Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan (IMU). Uzbekistan is strategic: it is the most populous and most powerful militarily. Uzbekistan is that the Americans had chosen to pass their troops and equipment to Afghanistan in the war against the Taliban. Thus the actions of Uzbek extremists are they important. Their goals are radical: to overthrow the government of Uzbekistan led by Islam Karinov.
 
In 1999, 2000, 2001, the IMU guerrillas launched against Uzbekistan from its bases located in neighboring countries. And gradually, the IMU extended his jihad throughout Central Asia under the military command of a charismatic leader: Juma Namangani. For now, the goal of the IMU is the deposition regimes in force in Uzbekistan, Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan and the introduction of Sharia in all three countries. The aura of the MIO is such that it extends beyond the borders and the party recruited from all ethnic groups in Central Asia and beyond, the Caucasus to China. Feeling threatened, Kazakhstan has strengthened its military spending in anticipation of a large-scale confrontation.The strong magnetization of the IMU has not escaped to Saudi Arabia who was quick to give it a generous support. The IMU is also funding the arms trade and drugs.

Plus it's anachronistic, it works better

 
In addition to the IMU, a second threat occurred in Uzbekistan. It consists of the emergence of another radical Islamic organization, the Liberation Party "Hizb ul-Tabiri (HT)" which takes a huge hit with the youth of Uzbekistan. Especially one that has a high level of education. The HT was born in 1953 in Jordan and was founded by a small group of Palestinians. Initially focused on the Palestinian issue, he knew for a prodigious beyond the Middle East, it turned into supranational movement. It is growing in Central Asia. In Europe, it is also very influential: it fascinates the second generation after immigration.
 
What made it successful is that the HT wants to unite Central Asia, the Chinese province of Xinjiang (which has 7 million Muslims), then the whole umma (the worldwide community of Muslims) in a great caliphate. Like the first time of the Prophet!This period was that of the lightning expansion of Islam across the Middle East and Africa, by the sword and the conversion, where a true Muslim society existed united in faith not perverted by subsequent deviance.
 
The Ottoman Empire also fascinates HT. It represents the pinnacle of Islam. From Istanbul the Ottoman Caliphate controlled at the end of the Middle Ages, most of the Islamic world, including the Middle East and the Balkans. The HT sees the abolition of the caliphate in 1925 as the result of a conspiracy by the international Zionist movement in order to reduce to impotence and Muslims consider the restoration of the caliphate as the key political revival of Islam . In 1962, An Nahbani, the founder of HT wrote: "the minds of Muslims is consumed by the current situation and conceives the notion of government and through the depraved democratic regimes imposed on Muslim countries .... The goal is not to establish several states, but a single state covering the entire Muslim world. " The HT provides a rise to power in two stages. First, many Islamic countries will come under its control.Then he can conquer the rest of the Muslim world, which will be supervised by a single state, a "pure Islamic state" where sharia reigns supreme.
 
The HT states want to use peaceful methods to gain power. It uses all the bitterness, denounced the intense misery, slums, construction of new Orthodox churches. He developed his influence by mosques and prayer groups. The HT is remarkably small cells organized in secret and sealed 5 to 7 members who are dedicated to spreading his message. Only the head of the cell is related to the hierarchical level. It sets weekly goals for members who are in turn supposed to create new cells. This separation makes it difficult to infiltrate. Central Asian fonts try it and fail to back up the chain of command. In Tashkent alone, the HT has 60.000 followers. It has a magazine party, diffuse texts translated into the languages ​​of the countries, publishes books such as "how the Caliphate was destroyed." He succeeded very well in Turkey, Egypt and North Africa. It is also developing in Afghanistan. It multiplies the cells in Europe, particularly Germany and the UK. The HT has very considerable funds. Unlike the IMU, the HT told not to resort to armed violence and terrorism.Nevertheless, his ideas are very close to Wahhabism and verbal aggression is sometimes extreme. As evidenced by the words of Omar Bakri Mohammed, head to London, where the total freedom of speech is granted, a major center of HT. In 1991, he said: "John Major is a legitimate target. I pray to God for someone to kill, "in 1999, he said," I want to see the black flag of Islam over Downing Street ".
 

The baby boom Islamic

 
The IMU, the HT and other fundamentalist movements in Central Asia are thriving on the Islamic baby boom: the 50 million people, over 60% are under 25 years. The faltering economies are unable to provide these young people jobs and living standards they require. Islamic fundamentalism is there to offer them a way out jihad, which releases energy and promises of booty, while galvanizing the feelings of pride and honor of identity associated with the rehabilitation of old traditions. To young people, Islam is really the answer.
 
The HT is not on the list of terrorist organizations by the U.S. State Department because he has never participated in guerrilla activities, preferring to speak in favor of a peaceful conquest of power. HT said he had no connection with al-Qaida, the IMU and the Taliban. In fact, these movements interact quietly together. Al Qaeda, acting as coordinator, brought together in Kabul in September 2000, the HT, the IMU, the Taliban, Chechen separatists and ... bin Laden. They discussed how best to cooperate.

 
The unification of the Arab-Muslim world
 
 
Where secularism failed, religious fanaticism succeed: by the power of attraction of the Ummah (the community of all Muslims), it will combine the peoples of Islam under the authority of a Grand Caliphate Turkish, reminiscent of the Ottoman splendor of old.Turkey will be the standard bearer of Islam.

 
Weakness of the nation-state in Islamic

 
All Islamic fundamentalists are receptive to the idea of ​​a caliphate uniting the Ummah politically.
 
To Western minds, the idea of ​​restoring a caliphate is surreal, and has no chance of being realized. They ignore the Muslim mentality where the State does not occupy such a dominant in the West. Samuel Huntington said, "Tribalism and religion, Islam, have played and still play, also a noted researcher of Libya, a significant role in the development and social, economic, cultural and political societies and Arab political systems . Of course, they are regarded as crucial factors shaping and determining the Arab political culture and spirit Arab politics. "
 
States in the Arab world never solved their legitimacy. They are mostly arbitrary as products of Western colonialism. Their boundaries do not generally coincide with that of ethnic groups.Kurdistan (land of the Kurds) covering 500.000 km square, is torn between eastern Turkey, northwestern Iran, northern Iraq, the Horn northeast of Syria and the Caucasus ( Armenia and Azerbaijan). Another tribe, the Berbers, who are the indigenous inhabitants of the Maghreb, is spread from Libya to the Atlantic and the Mediterranean to the Niger bend.
 
"These states have divided the Arab nation," says Huntington, "but on the other hand, never a pan-Arab state did not materialize. Furthermore, the idea of ​​sovereign nation-state is incompatible with belief in the sovereignty of Allah and the rule of Ummah. As a revolutionary movement, Islamic fundamentalism rejects the nation state in favor of the unity of Islam. " The identification with the ummah and the Islamic civilization taken as a whole has increased over the past 30 years. Huntingdon cites a researcher of 80 years: "The Muslim sense of identity and unity has been stimulated by decolonization, population growth, industrialization, urbanization and changes in the international economic order including the associated wealth oil from Muslim countries. .... Modern communications have strengthened and refined the relationship between Muslims. The number of pilgrims to Mecca has increased considerably which creates a greater awareness of a common identity among the Muslims of China, Senegal, Yemen, Bangladesh. Many Muslim students from Southeast Asia are taught at universities in the Middle East ....Cassettes (audio and video) sermons spread across international borders .... "
 
The progress of the unity consciousness of the Muslim world has increased the international Islamic organizations, such that the OIC, the Organization of Islamic Conference, the World Muslim Congress and the Muslim World League.
 
Westerners do not believe in unification, even relative, the Arab-Muslim world. They want as proof its past divisions (Iraq, Pakistan, Yemen, ...) and current, and the retention of Islamist governments that claim to reverse. Twenty-three years after the Iranian revolution, Islamic revolution has not occurred elsewhere.In Algeria, the military-led against a brutal offensive against Islamism, and has reduced .. The Gulf War in 1991 provided the United States an unprecedented military supremacy in the Middle East.
 
This ignores the fact that the immersion of the major Islamist movements in a form of nationalism, opens the door to a new radicalism, Sunni, conservative and supranational in its ideology and in its recruitment.

Booty for young Muslims

 
Al-Qaeda, bin Laden's movement, is the consummate expression of this trend. Its motto is jihad, holy war. His target: the West, and primarily, the United States. It focuses on jihad "peripheral", those of Afghanistan, Bosnia, Chechnya, Kashmir, the Philippines. To these jihads scattered on the outer periphery of the land of Islam.Al-Qaeda rally the Muslim youth, children of globalization, which does not identify with the national struggle for their elders. They lead the struggle of Islam against the West (and its allies). They grew up with the dish and mass transport: they also travel with ease. They range from the Paris suburbs to training camps in Central Asia, the beautiful neighborhoods of Cairo to the maquis of Kashmir or in U.S. flight schools. Countries under Islamic rule (Iran, Sudan, once Afghanistan) are crowded with economic and social challenges that the introduction of Sharia law is powerless to deal with: they are a source of disillusionment. Jihad against the West, it is quite another thing: a huge promise of booty and a clever ploy to avoid getting caught up in internal strife to Islam.There's nothing like the thrill of conquest outside to resolve internal conflicts.
 
The movement toward the unity of the Muslim world is emerging very clearly. The war in Afghanistan was a great crucible from which emerged an extensive network of informal groups of veterans who last stand on all fronts in the fight fundamentalism.Shiite and Sunni groups, overcoming their traditional religious antagonisms, moved closer, under the sponsorship of Iran. It established a military cooperation with Pakistan and Sudan.These countries are working together to support fundamentalist groups, including Algeria. After the Gulf War, Saddam Hussein was replaced in his speech to the terms of the secularist Baathism in Iraq by a rhetoric borrowed from Islamic fundamentalism. In 1994, he has forged close ties with Sudanese President Hassan al-Turabi. At the same time. He moved closer to the enemy of yesterday, Iran and Syria.

 
The glorious Ottoman past of Islam

 
To the Muslim world unit completes the process already begun, it has yet to adopt a state flagship. "... The concept of Ummah," says Huntington, "presupposes that the nation state is not legitimate, and yet the Ummah can not be unified under the action of a powerful state flagship is currently lacking . ... The Arab conquest .... In the eighth century culminated in the Umayyad caliphate whose capital was Damascus, the ... VIIIième century by the Abbasid caliphate based in Damascus under Persian influence, ... ... in the eleventh century. ... Ottoman Turks. And establishing a new caliphate in 1517 (Constantinople). The rise of the West has left the Ottoman Empire ... ... no state lighthouse.Its territories were left largely divided between the Western powers. And when they receded, they left behind fragile states formed on the Western model to the traditions of Islam ... .. A leading Islamic state must have the economic resources, military power, the skills of organization and identity and commitment to give the Islamic Ummah political and religious supremacy. "

 
Turkey dominates his rivals Muslims

 
Six Muslim states aspire to be more or less the leader of Islam.Which, of them, it is about to emerge as a leading state in Islam, thanks to the economic crisis and the Third World War?
 
Indonesia, the largest country by area, with 212.2 million people, has a very rapid development which is part of the dynamic Asia.She suffers from a crippling handicap: it is situated on the outskirts of Islam, far from its Arab centers.
 
The opposite of Indonesia, there is Egypt, 68.5 million people, with a central and strategic Middle East. Cairo boasts the largest Islamic educational institution, founded in 970 by the Fatimid caliphate. But Egypt's fishing economy based on tourism, which makes it dependent on the help of the United States and international institutions controlled by the West, plus the subsidies granted by the Arab oil producers.
 
Iran combines all the elements of the power required for a leading Islamic state. Large area, 67.7 million people, with a central location for Islam, historical traditions, the oil and the level of economic development. But his disability is the extent of his power: he is Shiite, while 90% of Muslims are Sunni.
 
Pakistan, Iran's neighbor, is a heavyweight with its size, its 156.5 million, and its conventional and nuclear military power. He holds a religious legitimacy by its very aggressive Islamic proselytism and its efforts to develop cooperation among Muslim states. But it is a poor country and worked by ethnic divisions leading to irredentist temptation.
 
Saudi Arabia, the birthplace of Islam, has the advantage of the presence of the holy places of Islam on its soil which gives it a great religious prestige, reinforced by the rigorous Wahhabi maintained by the ruling dynasty. It owns 30% of world oil reserves. His tongue is Islam. It rained on $ billions of Muslims around the world. However, its population of 21.6 inhabitants is relatively limited and the vulnerability of the desert territory without food self-sufficiency, making it difficult to defend ..
 
It remains a candidate for the role of state flagship of Islam, Turkey. This is a halo prestigious history, that of the Ottoman Empire. 66.6 million inhabitants. The area of ​​its territory occupies a strategic position is satisfactory. Its economic level as well.Turkey shows a strong national cohesion, despite a feisty irredentism in Kurdistan. Traditions and centuries-military expertise also call for it at the highest point.
 
But Turkey's candidacy to the role of state flagship of Islam is at the moment, burdened with a disability: it is a secular state.Because Mustapha Kemal so decides, in 1923, founding the Turkish Republic was the first "Muslim secular state." The context of the time motivated the choice of Kemal. The Ottoman Empire, the "sick man of Europe", was unable to modernize its economy and military. He plunged into bankruptcy. The religious obscurantism cast discredit on the moral and spiritual science and technology in Europe. The country saw its territorial possessions amputated by the European powers and Russia.Therefore Kemal gave a mighty bar and round the religion and the clergy. This policy strongly urged Turkey on the path to modernity. But the "Kemalism" was in a country "torn" between two value systems.

 
Turkish secularism has lived

 
Turkish secularism is dying. She began to empty of meaning from the years 1979-1980, when a Turkish Islamic revival dawned.Elite technicians at that time, turned away from the dogma of the secular Kemalist presented as a condition "sine qua non" of economic and social development of the country, and made an apology for Islamic culture now reconciled with modernity. In 1983, Prime Minister Ozal began to woo an electorate growing which advocated the primacy of religion on society. In 1996, the Islamist Refah (Welfare party be) entered the government coalition. In addition to shake up the Kemalist dogmas, Refah challenged the candidacy of Turkey joining the EU, the policy of alliance with Israel, and galvanized public opinion in favor of Muslims in Bosnia and Kosovo. The power forward, dissolved in January 1998. Do not worry! He was replaced by the Virtue Party, the Fasilet. It becomes an engine of social and political life of Turkey. Municipal elections, candidates décochent 17 major municipalities. Always looking forward, the power by the Constitutional Court ordered, June 22, 2001, the dissolution of Fasilet and confiscation of property. He was replaced by the AKP, the Justice Party which claims moderate. It thus applies the principle of "takyyé" rooted in traditional Islam: When the situation is not ripe to act openly in order to install sharia, the Muslim must hide his intentions with a flexible attitude. The APK is experiencing a surge, as evidenced by the various polls on the elections of November 3, 2002. (Note CD: the party won the elections, has a majority in parliament and became master of the destiny of Turkey). It is definitely far, the secularizing Kemalism.Even the army purges multiplies in it and sees the growing Islamic fundamentalism séduirent young officers and soldiers. If the army attempted a coup, it will be a civil war, which the fundamentalists have the upper hand.
 
Turkey then meet all the requirements for the state's flagship Muslim world. And it's not just 60 million Turks, is 200 million Turkish-Mongolian federate it around Turkey, the standard bearer of Islam.

 
A Turkish Grand Caliph

 
The prestige of Turkey means for the leadership of Islam. The Ottoman emperor Suleiman the Magnificent is in everyone's memory Muslim His long reign (1520-1566) marked the height of the power of the Turkish Ottoman civilization. The Empire did not cease to threaten Europe for centuries.
 
But now the Turkish imperial vocation reborn under the leadership Islamist. Turkey draws a high-energy fuel for itself, the Turkic-speaking peoples and even the rest of the Arab-Muslim world. It states loving fundamentalists in the Middle East and North Africa. Muslims in Asia will follow suit a little later. The structure is not the imperial, centralizing and leveling of the nation-state. She tolerates the local particularities. Cement is the spirit of the Muslim religious community (ummah).
 
Turkish charismatic leader could well emerge from the Islamist wave. This unusual character embodies then the Grand Caliph needed by the revival of Islam. It embodies both the religious and the political, the spiritual leader and statesman, the caliph and the sultan like the companions of the Prophet. It would be the figurehead of the entire Muslim world, he would be able to soar or raise, to attack the West.
 
This assumption may seem unrealistic, even surreal. But the alchemy of history that suddenly emerge from the anonymity of the characters except during periods of emergency. The Great Caliphate is in everyone's mind occupied Muslim militancy. And crowds of the Ummah, aspire more to the realization of this dream is exciting to them already proposed by the fundamentalist networks. Once in the hands of Islamic fundamentalists, the United Muslim nation (at least most of them) will gather around the state flagship of Islamic civilization, Turkey. And under the religious and political authority of the Turkish Grand Caliph.